Free reference·Business Practices·Video

General Business Practices

Project planning + management, deliverables, costs, budgets, contracts. Types of surveys, site features, scope of services, equipment selection.

Business — How surveyors price and win profitable work
The hook

Running a surveying business adds a layer to the technical work: fees, contracts, project management, scope of services, equipment selection, and the workflow from inquiry to invoice. Business literacy is what turns good fieldwork into a good living.

  1. 1
    Inquiry to proposal
    Prospective client describes need; surveyor scopes the work, prepares a written proposal with deliverables, fee, schedule, exclusions.
  2. 2
    Contract execution
    Signed proposal + terms = contract. Captures scope, fee, timing, payment terms, retention, dispute resolution.
  3. 3
    Project setup
    Open project file, assign PLS + crew, gather initial records, establish budget tracking.
  4. 4
    Execution
    Records research, fieldwork, comps, drafting. Track hours against budget.
  5. 5
    Quality review
    PLS reviews + signs/seals. Internal QC before delivery.
  6. 6
    Delivery + invoice
    Signed/sealed deliverables sent. Invoice per terms; follow up on AR.
  7. 7
    Project closeout
    Archive file, lessons-learned note, mark equipment back to inventory.
Memorize these

Concepts that show up on the exam

Lump sum fee
Fixed price for defined scope. Best when scope is clear; risk of overrun on the firm.
Time + materials
Hourly + expenses, often with a not-to-exceed cap. Best when scope is uncertain; client bears overrun risk.
Retainer
Up-front payment held against fees. Common for new clients or risky projects.
Equipment selection
Match instrument to job: total station for short-baseline boundary, RTK for topo, static for control, drone for big sites.
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